Welcome to the home of pathologicalbodies.com
'Pathological Bodies' (as an A-Z colour atlas) and 'Tissue processing: From patient to pathologist'
are available as books on Amazon.
The Pathological Bodies website contains the largest web-based collection of pathological and non-pathological bodies and includes a search tool to assist you during your visit. Of the hundreds of bodies listed, two thirds are related to disease processes whilst the remainder are non-pathological. Several of the bodies are non-human although some of the diseases may be transmissible to man.
During your visit, check out the 'Publications' tab for my books, journal and web-based publications and international presentations. Also, pop across to the 'Pathofocus' and 'Tissue sampling' websites above which have been updated with new images and text. The pages include the pathology of disease processes together with chapters on the sampling, fixation and processing of tissue through to section cutting, staining and microscopy. Atlases of normal tissues and special stains are also available in the 'Staining' section together with links to educational resources for immunohistochemistry and bone marrow diagnosis.
I hope you enjoy your stay but why not follow me on Twitter @bodies4u and let me know what you think. I am always on the lookout for ways to improve my websites and am grateful to my Twitter followers who contribute to these pages. Please feel free to post a comment and have a great day!
'Pathological Bodies' (as an A-Z colour atlas) and 'Tissue processing: From patient to pathologist'
are available as books on Amazon.
The Pathological Bodies website contains the largest web-based collection of pathological and non-pathological bodies and includes a search tool to assist you during your visit. Of the hundreds of bodies listed, two thirds are related to disease processes whilst the remainder are non-pathological. Several of the bodies are non-human although some of the diseases may be transmissible to man.
During your visit, check out the 'Publications' tab for my books, journal and web-based publications and international presentations. Also, pop across to the 'Pathofocus' and 'Tissue sampling' websites above which have been updated with new images and text. The pages include the pathology of disease processes together with chapters on the sampling, fixation and processing of tissue through to section cutting, staining and microscopy. Atlases of normal tissues and special stains are also available in the 'Staining' section together with links to educational resources for immunohistochemistry and bone marrow diagnosis.
I hope you enjoy your stay but why not follow me on Twitter @bodies4u and let me know what you think. I am always on the lookout for ways to improve my websites and am grateful to my Twitter followers who contribute to these pages. Please feel free to post a comment and have a great day!
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In histology, bodies are broadly classified into the following categories:
1. Naturally occurring body - a mass of matter found anatomically or physiologically in organs and tissues
2. Foreign body - a mass or entity that has been introduced from an external source. In other words, any mass found in an organ or tissue in which it does not normally belong
3. Inclusion body - an abnormal structure in a cell nucleus or cytoplasm having characteristic staining properties and usually associated with certain pathological conditions such as bacterial and fungal infections
4. Viral inclusion body - abnormal structure that appears within the cell nucleus, the cytoplasm or both during the course of virus multiplication. These are generally concerned with the developmental processes of the infective virus.
This home page contains an alphabetic list of all the bodies, each with a brief description. Clicking on the body of interest will redirect you to the appropriate page where images and more information can be found. Disease categories associated with these bodies can be located using the search tool.
1. Naturally occurring body - a mass of matter found anatomically or physiologically in organs and tissues
2. Foreign body - a mass or entity that has been introduced from an external source. In other words, any mass found in an organ or tissue in which it does not normally belong
3. Inclusion body - an abnormal structure in a cell nucleus or cytoplasm having characteristic staining properties and usually associated with certain pathological conditions such as bacterial and fungal infections
4. Viral inclusion body - abnormal structure that appears within the cell nucleus, the cytoplasm or both during the course of virus multiplication. These are generally concerned with the developmental processes of the infective virus.
This home page contains an alphabetic list of all the bodies, each with a brief description. Clicking on the body of interest will redirect you to the appropriate page where images and more information can be found. Disease categories associated with these bodies can be located using the search tool.
Following your visit to my website, why not pop across to the ‘Atlas of Medical Foreign Bodies’. Compiled by Dr Yale Rosen, a New York pulmonary pathologist, you can access it at https://t.co/tJ8RajYSlL
The complete A-Z classification of bodies
ACETONE - See KETONE body
ACIDOPHIL - See COUNCILMAN body
AFFIBODY - Engineered proteins able to bind to target proteins and peptides
AGGRESOME - Age-related neurodegenerative diseases
ALCOHOLIC HYALINE - See MALLORY body
ALDER - See ALDER-REILLY body
ALDER-REILLY - Storage diseases such as Hurler’s syndrome (gargoylism)
ALKAPTON - Found in the urine of patients with alkaptonuria (ochronosis)
ALLISON-GHORMLEY - Lymphocyte aggregates in rheumatoid arthritis
ALPHA 1 ANTITRYPSIN - Chronic liver disease in patients deficient in alpha 1 antitrypsin
AMYGDALOID - Almond-shaped structure in the brain involved with behaviour
AMYLOID - Corpora amylacea
ANOCOCCYGEAL - Musculotendinous structure near the coccyx
ANTIBODY - Small proteins produced by plasma cells and part of the immune system
AORTIC - Help to control ventilation in the aorta (also see CAROTID body)
APOPTOTIC - Consequence of cell death which may be physiological or pathological
ARANTIUS - Nodules in the aortic and pulmonary valves
ARAO-PERKINS - Found in the dermal papillae of hair follicles
ARMANNI-EBSTEIN - Diabetic ketoacidosis
ASBESTOS - Asbestosis
ASCHOFF - Rheumatic fever
ASTEROID - Sporotrichosis
ASTEROID-SCHAUMANN - Diseases such as sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and leprosy
AUER - Leukaemia
BABES-ERNST - Rich in phosphorus and found in bacteria and fungi
BABES-NEGRI - See NEGRI body
BALBIANI - Membrane-less structure in the cytoplasm of oocytes
BAMBOO - Asbestos-type disease
BANANA - Ochronosis
BARR - Sex chromatin found in female cells
BASAL - Modified centriole found in motile cells
BIELSCHOWSKY - Status marmoratus, a form of cerebral palsy
BIONDI - Aging
BIRBECK - Histiocytosis X
BLUE - Lung diseases such as pneumonia and asbestosis
BOLLINGER - Fowlpox
BORRELL - Fowlpox
BRACHT-WACHTER - Yellow spots in the myocardium in infective endocarditis
BRASSY - Malaria
BULL’S EYE - Target red cells found in blood and liver disease. Also in adenocarcinoma cells in malignant effusions
BUNINA - Motor neurone disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
BUSCAINO - Artefacts of white matter produced by reaction between formalin and myelin. Also known as Grynfellt body
BUSCHINO - Tissue cracks caused by prolonged immersion in formalin. Also see Buscaino body above
CABOT’S RING - Severe anaemia
CAJAL - Nuclear organelles found in active cells
CALCAREOUS - Basophilic bodies found in helminths
CALCIFIC - Dystrophic calcification
CALL-EXNER - Granulosa cell tumours of the ovary
CARDIOAORTIC - See AORTIC body
CAROTID - Helps to control ventilation in the carotid artery (also see AORTIC body)
CATERPILLAR - Porphyria cutanea tarda
CAVERNOUS - Vascular structures of anal cavity and erectile tissues
CELL - Nerve cell or neurone
CHARCOT-BOTTCHER - Found in Sertoli cells of the testis
CHARCOT-LEYDEN - Crystalline bodies in sputa of asthmatic patients
CHROMAFFIN - Also known as paraganglion and present in the adrenal and liver
CHROMATOID - Entamoeba histolytica
CHROMOPHILOUS - See NISSL body
CIGAR - See ASTEROID body
CILIARY - These release aqueous humour in the eye
CITRON - Clostridium septicum infections
CIVATTE - Lichen planus
CLARKE - Alveolar sarcoma of the breast
CLEAVAGE - See NUCLEAR body
COCCOID X - Psittacosis
COCCYGEAL - See LUSCHKA body
COILED - See CAJAL body
COLLAR - Sticky, funnel-shaped cells in the inner cavity of sponges
COLLOID - See CIVATTE body
COMMA-SHAPED - Found in the nephron of the kidney
CONCHOID - See SCHAUMANN body
COPPER PENNY - See SCLEROTIC body
CORPORAL - see CAVERNOUS body
COUNCILMAN - Yellow fever, viral hepatitis
COWDRY - Herpes and poliovirus
CREOLA - Asthma
CRESCENT - Achromocytes, transparent (glass) bodies of red blood cells
CROOKE’S HYALINE - Addison's disease, Cushing syndrome
CRYSTALLINE - Granulomatous disease
CURVILINEAR - Worm-like, lysosomal structures found in several diseases
CYTOID - Systemic lupus, diabetes
DAVIDSON - Nuclear chromatin buds found in female neutrophils
DEMILUNE - See CRESCENT body
DENSE - Secretory organelles found in platelets in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
DOHLE - Found in infections, poisoning and chemotherapy
DONNE - Modified fat-containing leucocyte found in colostrums
DONOVAN - Granuloma inguinale
DRUSEN - Optic nerve head drusen and age-related macular degeneration
DUTCHER - Multiple myeloma, lymphoma
DUTCHER-FAHEY - See DUTCHER body
EHRLICH - See HEINZ body
ELEMENTARY - Non-replicating infectious particle of Chlamydia (also see RETICULATE body)
ELSCHNIG - Pearl-like clusters of epithelial cells on the lens of the eye in post-operative cataract patients
EMBRYOID - Germ cell tumours
ENIGMATIC - Complex lysosomes found in the pituitary gland
EOSINOPHILIC INCLUSION - See GOTTLIEB and MELAMED-WOLINSKA bodies
EPITHELIOID - See AORTIC body
FARBER - Farber's disease, a disorder of lipid metabolism
FARDEAU-ENGEL - Peripheral neuropathies
FAT - Nutritional reservoirs of fat found mainly in insects and amphibians
FERRUGINOUS - See ASBESTOS body
FESSAS - Thalassemia
FIBRIN - Pleural effusion, pneumothorax
FIBROUS - Pituitary adenomas
FINGERPRINT - Fingerprint body myopathy
FLEMMING - Found in phagocytes and germinal centres of lymph glands
FRUITING - Reproductive mass in fungi and bacteria. Pathogenic to animals
FUCHSIN - See RUSSELL body
GALL - Lipid-filled lysosomes found in lymphocytes
GAMNA-FAVRE - Chlamydia trachomatis (Lymphogranuloma venereum)
GAMNA-GANDY - Cirrhosis
GASTRIC - The corpus gastricum, the body of stomach situated between the pylorus and fundus
GENICULATE - Four small masses of thalamus linked to hearing and sight
GIANNUZZI - Crescent-shaped patches of serous cells in mucous glands. Also see CRESCENT body
GLASS - See CRESCENT body
GLOBOID - Krabbe’s disease (leukodystrophy)
GLOMUS - Glomus tumours
GOLGI - Flattened membrane sacs in the cytoplasm of cells
GOLGI-MAZZONI - Sensory nerve endings in the fingertips
GOTTLIEB - Cytoplasmic inclusions of benign naevi
GRYNFELLT - See BUSCAINO body
GUARNIERI - Smallpox
GUPTA - Actinomycosis
GW - Storage and degradation sites for messenger RNA, often associated with primary biliary cirrhosis
HABENULAR - Group of nuclei in the thalamus where the pineal gland attaches to the brain
HAEMATOXYLIN - Systemic lupus
HALBERSTAEDTER-VON PROWAZEK - Chlamydia trachomatis
HAMAZAKI-WESENBERG - Granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis
HAP (HETEROGENOUS RIBONUCLEO-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN) - see NUCLEAR body
HARTING - Formed during calcification of cerebral capillaries
HASSALL - Swirls of epithelial cells in the thymus gland
HASSALL-HENLE - Associated with degenerative change, chronic inflammation and the aging process
HECTOID - Sickle cell anaemia
HEINZ - Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
HEINZ-EHRLICH - See HEINZ body
HEMISPHERICAL - Glaucoma, retinal detachment
HENDERSON-PATTERSON - Molluscum contagiosum
HENSEN - Found in the outer hair cells of the inner ear
HERRING - Neurosecretory mass found in the pituitary gland
HETEROGENOUS RIBONUCLEO-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN (HAP) - See NUCLEAR body
HIGHMORE - Fibrous mass of the testis
HIRANO - Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease
HISTONE LOCUS - See NUCLEAR body
HOWELL-JOLLY - Found in patients with dysfunctional or absent spleens
HYALINE - Optic nerve head drusen, myopathy
HYALOID - See VITREOUS body
INFRAPATELLAR FAT - Fat pad occupying the area between the ligament and synovium of the knee joint
INFUNDIBULAR - Funnel-shaped body connecting the hypothalamus of the brain with the pituitary
INITIAL - See RETICULATE body
INTERRENAL - Tissue between the kidneys of fishes that corresponds with the adrenal in mammals
JAWORSKI - Spiral mucous bodies seen in gastric secretions in hyperchlorhydria
JOEST - See JOEST-DEGEN body
JOEST-DEGEN - Borna disease of warm-blooded animals
JUXTARESTIFORM - Part of the inferior cerebellar peduncle (also see RESTIFORM body)
KAMINO - Spitz naevus and malignant melanoma
KERATIN - See FIBROUS bodies
KETONE - Compounds made by the liver in metabolism of fat
KIMMELSTIEL-WILSON - Nodular glomerulosclerosis of diabetic patients
KOCH or KOCH'S BLUE - East coast fever of cattle, sheep and goats
KURLOFF - Blood cell granules found in guinea pig infections
LAFORA - Lafora body disease, a metabolic storage disorder
LALLEMAND - Multiple myeloma, macroglobulinaemia
LAMELLAR - MALT lymphoma, haemangioma (also see ODLAND body)
LEISHMAN-DONOVAN - Leishmaniasis (also known as Kala Azar and Dum Dum fever)
LEVINTHAL-COLES-LILLIE - Psittacosis
LEWY - Dementia with Lewy bodies
LINDNER - Inclusion conjunctivitis of the newborn
LINDNER INITIAL - See LINDNER body
LIPSCHULTZ - Herpes simplex virus Type A
LISCH - Yellow-brown nodules of the iris in patients with type 1 neurofibromatosis and Watson syndrome
LOOSE - Fragments of bone or cartilage in the joint space and also fatty masses in the peritoneum
LUSCHKA - The coccygeal body located adjacent to the coccyx
LUSE - Rheumatoid disease, schwannoma
LUYS - The subthalamic nuclei, part of the basal ganglia system
LYMPHOCYTOID - See LYMPHOGLANDULAR body
LYMPHOGLANDULAR - Found in cells of lymphoid origin
LYSSA - Poorly defined inclusions found in nerve cells and associated with rabies (also see Negri bodies)
MACCALLUM - Warty plaques of the heart in patients with rheumatic heart disease
MALLORY - Alcohol-related liver disorders and Wilson’s disease
MALLORY-DENK - Chronic hepatitis C
MALPIGHIAN – The renal corpuscle, part of the nephron of the kidney
MAMILLARY - Pair of tissue masses in the hypothalamus
MARCHAL - Cell inclusion bodies in mousepox (infectious viral ectromelia)
MARINESCO - Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease
MASSON - Pneumonia
MEDLAR - See SCLEROTIC body
MELAMED-WOLINSKA - Non-specific cytoplasmic inclusions of urothelial cells
MELON SEED - Small, fibrous bodies often seen in tuberculous tenosynovitis
MICHAELIS-GUTMANN - Malakoplakia
MID - See FLEMMING body
MIYAGAWA - Lymphogranuloma venereum
MOLLUSCUM - See HENDERSON-PATTERSON body
MOOSER - See NEILL-MOOSER body
MOTT - Cells containing Russell bodies in myeloma, plasmacytoma and inflammation
MULBERRY - Fabry disease
MULTILAMELLAR - Tropical spastic paraparesis (human T-lymphotropic virus)
MULTIVESICULAR - Circular organelles formed by budding of the cell membrane
MUSHROOM - Structures found in the brain of insects, invertebrates and ringed worms
MYELINOID - Local myelin out-foldings (myelinosomes), often the result of early myelin damage
MYELOID - Lamellar regions of the endoplasmic reticulum associated with phospholipidosis and drug-induced renal disease
NANOBODY - Antibodies derived from immunoglobulins of Camelidae that are able to bind tumour antigens
NASAL SWELL - Part of nasal septum important in regulating air flow
NEGRI - Rabies
NEILL-MOOSER - Endemic typhus fever
NEMALINE - Nemaline or rod body myopathy
NEUROPEITHELIAL - Collection of pulmonary endocrine cells
NISSL - Cytoplasmic granules of nerve cells
NUCLEAR - Discrete substructures found in eukaryotic nuclei
NUCLEAR STRESS - See NUCLEAR body
NUCLEOLAR ACCESSORY - See CAJAL body
ODLAND - Found in keratinocytes and associated with lipid storage
OKEN - Mesonephron or a primitive kidney of the embryo
OLIVARY - Located in the medulla oblongata of the brain
ORBITAL FAT - Fat contained in the orbit that contributes to support of the eyeball
ORPHAN - See NUCLEAR body
ORYZOID - See RICE body
OVAL FAT - Found in the urine of patients with renal glomerular disease and nephrotic syndrome
OWL’S EYE - Cytomegalovirus infection, Hodgkin's lymphoma
P - See PROCESSING body
PACCHIONIAN - Arachnoid villi on the dura mater of the brain
PACINI - See VATER-PACINI body
PALE - Parkinson’s disease
PAMPINIFORM - Tissue homologous with the male epididymis in the broad ligament of the uterus
PAPILLARY MESENCHYMAL - Trichoepithelioma
PAPPENHEIMER - Anaemia
PAPP-LANTOS - Multiple system atrophy (MSA), a neurological disorder
PARA AORTIC - See ZUCKERKANDL body
PARABASAL - Cytoplasmic body found in certain protozoa
PARAMURAL - Membranous structures of plant cells found between the cell wall and plasma membrane
PARANEPHRIC - Collection of adipose tissue located superficial to the renal fascia
PARANUCLEAR BLUE - Found in small cell carcinomas
PARAPHYSIAL - A median organ that develops from the diencephalon in the brain of vertebrates
PARARENAL - See PARANEPHRIC body
PARATERMINAL - Slender, vertical whitish band near the anterior commissure of the brain
PARIETAL - Eyelike structure on the dorsal aspect of the head in lower vertebrates
PASCHEN - Vaccinia and variola (smallpox)
PcG (POLYCOMB) - See NUCLEAR body
PERINEAL - Fibromuscular mass between the urogenital and anal triangle
PERTINAX - Found in the nail plate
PHEOCHROME - See CHROMAFFIN body
PICK - Niemann-Pick disease
PINEAL - Conical structure found in the brain
PITUITARY - Another name for the pituitary gland
PLATELET DENSE - See DENSE body
PML (PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA) - See NUCLEAR body
POLAR - Found during the maturation of ova
POLYCOMB (PcG) - See NUCLEAR body
POLYGLUCOSAN - See AMYLOID body
POSTBRANCHIAL - See ULTIMOBRANCHIAL body
POULSEN-CHRISTOFFERSEN - Damaged bile ducts in viral hepatitis
PROCESSING - Cytoplasmic structures (P bodies) that have a role in the decay of mRNA
PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA (PML) - See NUCLEAR body
PROTOCORM-LIKE - Small swollen tubers that have the ability to produce shoots in vitro
PROWAZEK - Vaccinia and variola (smallpox)
PSAMMOMA - Papillary carcinomas
PSEUDOASBESTOS - Ferroprotein bodies in the lung other than asbestos (such as coal and silica)
PSEUDOPSAMMOMA - Meningiomas
PULMONARY BLUE - See BLUE body
PUSTULO-OVOID - Granular cell tumours
QUADRIGEMINAL - Reflex centre of the midbrain
RASPBERRY - Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary
REDUCING - Reducing body myopathy
REGNAUD - Residual mass found during spermiogenesis
REILLY - See ALDER-REILLY body
REINKE - Rod-like crystals found in Leydig cell tumours of the testes
RENAUT - Connective tissue structure found in nerve fibres
RESIDUAL - Lipofuchsin - undigested material of lysosomes
RESTIFORM - Part of the inferior cerebellar peduncle (also see JUXTARESTIFORM body)
RETICULATE - Intracytoplasmic form of Chlamydia (also see ELEMENTARY body)
RETZIUS - Pigmented mass in the acoustic papillae of the ear
RICE - Rheumatoid arthritis
ROD - See NEMALINE body
RODLET - Found in normal and neoplastic neuronal disease
ROKITANSKY - Teratoma
ROSS - Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
RUSHTON - Odontogenic lesions
RUSSELL - Multiple myeloma, plasmacytoma, chronic inflammation
RUSSELL-KRUKENBERG - See RUSSELL body
SAM 68 - See NUCLEAR body
SAND - See PSAMMOMA body
SANDSTORM - Alternative name for the parathyroid glands
SCHAUMANN - Granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis
SCHILLER-DUVAL - Teratoma, yolk sac tumour
SCLEROTIC - Chromoblastomycosis, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)
SELENOID - See CRESCENT body
SEMILUNAR - See CRESCENT Body
SHOCK - Found in liver and kidney as a result of shock processes such as skin burns and brain trauma
SIMCHOWICZ - Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease
SNAPPER-SCHNEID - Myeloma
SODERSTROM - See LYMPHOGLANDULAR body
SPIRONOLACTONE - Found in the adrenal after long term use of spironolactone
SPONGY - Spongy mass of tissue surrounding the male urethra within the penis
STIEDA - Ultrastructural organelle at the polar region of the sporocyst of coccidia
STRIATE - Striped mass of white and grey matter in front of the thalamus
SUPRACARDIAL - See AORTIC body
SYMINGTON - See ANOCOCCYGEAL body
TACTILE CORPUSCLE-LIKE - See TACTOID body
TACTOID - Tactile corpuscle-like bodies that stimulate mechanoreceptors of the peripheral nervous system
TARGETOID - A body or structure having the appearance of a target
TELOBRANCHIAL - See ULTIMOBRANCHIAL body
THYMUS - See HASSALL body
THYROID - The glandula thyroidea or thyroid gland
TIGROID - See NISSL body
TINGIBLE - Reactive lymphadenopathy
TINGIBLE-KORPER - See FLEMMING body
TODD - Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions in red blood cells of amphibians
TORRES - Yellow fever
TORRES-TEIXEIRA - Smallpox and measles
TOTO - Epulis fissuratum (gingival hyperplasia)
TRACHOMA - See HALBERSTAEDTER-VON PROWAZEK body
TROUSSEAU-LALLEMAND - See LALLEMAND body
TYGESON - Pneumonia
TYMPANIC - Ovoid body in the jugular vein
U - Cytoplasmic structures containing uridine-rich ribonucleoproteins
ULTIMOBRANCHIAL - Organ found in the neck of animals. Gives rise to the 'C' cells of the thyroid in humans
UNCLE - Antibodies to human antibodies
UNNA - See RUSSELL body
UTERINE - The upper, wider part of the uterus
VATER - See VATER-PACINI body
VATER-PACINI - Lamellated bodies (pacinian corpuscles) of the skin sensitive to vibration and pressure
VERMIFORM - Structures found on the Kupffer cells of the liver
VEROCAY - Schwannoma
VERTEBRAL - Main part of the vertebra to which the discs are attached
VESICLE-LIKE - Broad term describing vesicular structures such as microsomes
VILLELA - Yellow fever
VIRCHOW-HASSALL - See HASSALL body
VITELLINE - See BALBIANI body
VITREOUS - Benson’s disease (asteroid hyalitis)
WAGNER-MEISSNER - Neurofibroma, von Recklinghausen's disease
WARTHIN-FINKELDEY - Measles, AIDS
WEIBEL-PALADE - von Willebrand's disease
WINKLER - Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
WOLFFIAN - See OKEN body
WORONIN - Circular bodies found in filamentous fungi
YELLOW - Adenomas of the thyroid
YELLOW-BROWN - See HAMAZAKI-WESENBERG body
ZEBRA - Metachromatic leucodystrophy, Niemann-Pick disease
ZELLBALLEN - Ball clusters of tumour cells found in pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas
ZUCKERKANDL - Chromaffin mass of the abdominal aorta
ACIDOPHIL - See COUNCILMAN body
AFFIBODY - Engineered proteins able to bind to target proteins and peptides
AGGRESOME - Age-related neurodegenerative diseases
ALCOHOLIC HYALINE - See MALLORY body
ALDER - See ALDER-REILLY body
ALDER-REILLY - Storage diseases such as Hurler’s syndrome (gargoylism)
ALKAPTON - Found in the urine of patients with alkaptonuria (ochronosis)
ALLISON-GHORMLEY - Lymphocyte aggregates in rheumatoid arthritis
ALPHA 1 ANTITRYPSIN - Chronic liver disease in patients deficient in alpha 1 antitrypsin
AMYGDALOID - Almond-shaped structure in the brain involved with behaviour
AMYLOID - Corpora amylacea
ANOCOCCYGEAL - Musculotendinous structure near the coccyx
ANTIBODY - Small proteins produced by plasma cells and part of the immune system
AORTIC - Help to control ventilation in the aorta (also see CAROTID body)
APOPTOTIC - Consequence of cell death which may be physiological or pathological
ARANTIUS - Nodules in the aortic and pulmonary valves
ARAO-PERKINS - Found in the dermal papillae of hair follicles
ARMANNI-EBSTEIN - Diabetic ketoacidosis
ASBESTOS - Asbestosis
ASCHOFF - Rheumatic fever
ASTEROID - Sporotrichosis
ASTEROID-SCHAUMANN - Diseases such as sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and leprosy
AUER - Leukaemia
BABES-ERNST - Rich in phosphorus and found in bacteria and fungi
BABES-NEGRI - See NEGRI body
BALBIANI - Membrane-less structure in the cytoplasm of oocytes
BAMBOO - Asbestos-type disease
BANANA - Ochronosis
BARR - Sex chromatin found in female cells
BASAL - Modified centriole found in motile cells
BIELSCHOWSKY - Status marmoratus, a form of cerebral palsy
BIONDI - Aging
BIRBECK - Histiocytosis X
BLUE - Lung diseases such as pneumonia and asbestosis
BOLLINGER - Fowlpox
BORRELL - Fowlpox
BRACHT-WACHTER - Yellow spots in the myocardium in infective endocarditis
BRASSY - Malaria
BULL’S EYE - Target red cells found in blood and liver disease. Also in adenocarcinoma cells in malignant effusions
BUNINA - Motor neurone disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
BUSCAINO - Artefacts of white matter produced by reaction between formalin and myelin. Also known as Grynfellt body
BUSCHINO - Tissue cracks caused by prolonged immersion in formalin. Also see Buscaino body above
CABOT’S RING - Severe anaemia
CAJAL - Nuclear organelles found in active cells
CALCAREOUS - Basophilic bodies found in helminths
CALCIFIC - Dystrophic calcification
CALL-EXNER - Granulosa cell tumours of the ovary
CARDIOAORTIC - See AORTIC body
CAROTID - Helps to control ventilation in the carotid artery (also see AORTIC body)
CATERPILLAR - Porphyria cutanea tarda
CAVERNOUS - Vascular structures of anal cavity and erectile tissues
CELL - Nerve cell or neurone
CHARCOT-BOTTCHER - Found in Sertoli cells of the testis
CHARCOT-LEYDEN - Crystalline bodies in sputa of asthmatic patients
CHROMAFFIN - Also known as paraganglion and present in the adrenal and liver
CHROMATOID - Entamoeba histolytica
CHROMOPHILOUS - See NISSL body
CIGAR - See ASTEROID body
CILIARY - These release aqueous humour in the eye
CITRON - Clostridium septicum infections
CIVATTE - Lichen planus
CLARKE - Alveolar sarcoma of the breast
CLEAVAGE - See NUCLEAR body
COCCOID X - Psittacosis
COCCYGEAL - See LUSCHKA body
COILED - See CAJAL body
COLLAR - Sticky, funnel-shaped cells in the inner cavity of sponges
COLLOID - See CIVATTE body
COMMA-SHAPED - Found in the nephron of the kidney
CONCHOID - See SCHAUMANN body
COPPER PENNY - See SCLEROTIC body
CORPORAL - see CAVERNOUS body
COUNCILMAN - Yellow fever, viral hepatitis
COWDRY - Herpes and poliovirus
CREOLA - Asthma
CRESCENT - Achromocytes, transparent (glass) bodies of red blood cells
CROOKE’S HYALINE - Addison's disease, Cushing syndrome
CRYSTALLINE - Granulomatous disease
CURVILINEAR - Worm-like, lysosomal structures found in several diseases
CYTOID - Systemic lupus, diabetes
DAVIDSON - Nuclear chromatin buds found in female neutrophils
DEMILUNE - See CRESCENT body
DENSE - Secretory organelles found in platelets in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
DOHLE - Found in infections, poisoning and chemotherapy
DONNE - Modified fat-containing leucocyte found in colostrums
DONOVAN - Granuloma inguinale
DRUSEN - Optic nerve head drusen and age-related macular degeneration
DUTCHER - Multiple myeloma, lymphoma
DUTCHER-FAHEY - See DUTCHER body
EHRLICH - See HEINZ body
ELEMENTARY - Non-replicating infectious particle of Chlamydia (also see RETICULATE body)
ELSCHNIG - Pearl-like clusters of epithelial cells on the lens of the eye in post-operative cataract patients
EMBRYOID - Germ cell tumours
ENIGMATIC - Complex lysosomes found in the pituitary gland
EOSINOPHILIC INCLUSION - See GOTTLIEB and MELAMED-WOLINSKA bodies
EPITHELIOID - See AORTIC body
FARBER - Farber's disease, a disorder of lipid metabolism
FARDEAU-ENGEL - Peripheral neuropathies
FAT - Nutritional reservoirs of fat found mainly in insects and amphibians
FERRUGINOUS - See ASBESTOS body
FESSAS - Thalassemia
FIBRIN - Pleural effusion, pneumothorax
FIBROUS - Pituitary adenomas
FINGERPRINT - Fingerprint body myopathy
FLEMMING - Found in phagocytes and germinal centres of lymph glands
FRUITING - Reproductive mass in fungi and bacteria. Pathogenic to animals
FUCHSIN - See RUSSELL body
GALL - Lipid-filled lysosomes found in lymphocytes
GAMNA-FAVRE - Chlamydia trachomatis (Lymphogranuloma venereum)
GAMNA-GANDY - Cirrhosis
GASTRIC - The corpus gastricum, the body of stomach situated between the pylorus and fundus
GENICULATE - Four small masses of thalamus linked to hearing and sight
GIANNUZZI - Crescent-shaped patches of serous cells in mucous glands. Also see CRESCENT body
GLASS - See CRESCENT body
GLOBOID - Krabbe’s disease (leukodystrophy)
GLOMUS - Glomus tumours
GOLGI - Flattened membrane sacs in the cytoplasm of cells
GOLGI-MAZZONI - Sensory nerve endings in the fingertips
GOTTLIEB - Cytoplasmic inclusions of benign naevi
GRYNFELLT - See BUSCAINO body
GUARNIERI - Smallpox
GUPTA - Actinomycosis
GW - Storage and degradation sites for messenger RNA, often associated with primary biliary cirrhosis
HABENULAR - Group of nuclei in the thalamus where the pineal gland attaches to the brain
HAEMATOXYLIN - Systemic lupus
HALBERSTAEDTER-VON PROWAZEK - Chlamydia trachomatis
HAMAZAKI-WESENBERG - Granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis
HAP (HETEROGENOUS RIBONUCLEO-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN) - see NUCLEAR body
HARTING - Formed during calcification of cerebral capillaries
HASSALL - Swirls of epithelial cells in the thymus gland
HASSALL-HENLE - Associated with degenerative change, chronic inflammation and the aging process
HECTOID - Sickle cell anaemia
HEINZ - Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
HEINZ-EHRLICH - See HEINZ body
HEMISPHERICAL - Glaucoma, retinal detachment
HENDERSON-PATTERSON - Molluscum contagiosum
HENSEN - Found in the outer hair cells of the inner ear
HERRING - Neurosecretory mass found in the pituitary gland
HETEROGENOUS RIBONUCLEO-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN (HAP) - See NUCLEAR body
HIGHMORE - Fibrous mass of the testis
HIRANO - Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease
HISTONE LOCUS - See NUCLEAR body
HOWELL-JOLLY - Found in patients with dysfunctional or absent spleens
HYALINE - Optic nerve head drusen, myopathy
HYALOID - See VITREOUS body
INFRAPATELLAR FAT - Fat pad occupying the area between the ligament and synovium of the knee joint
INFUNDIBULAR - Funnel-shaped body connecting the hypothalamus of the brain with the pituitary
INITIAL - See RETICULATE body
INTERRENAL - Tissue between the kidneys of fishes that corresponds with the adrenal in mammals
JAWORSKI - Spiral mucous bodies seen in gastric secretions in hyperchlorhydria
JOEST - See JOEST-DEGEN body
JOEST-DEGEN - Borna disease of warm-blooded animals
JUXTARESTIFORM - Part of the inferior cerebellar peduncle (also see RESTIFORM body)
KAMINO - Spitz naevus and malignant melanoma
KERATIN - See FIBROUS bodies
KETONE - Compounds made by the liver in metabolism of fat
KIMMELSTIEL-WILSON - Nodular glomerulosclerosis of diabetic patients
KOCH or KOCH'S BLUE - East coast fever of cattle, sheep and goats
KURLOFF - Blood cell granules found in guinea pig infections
LAFORA - Lafora body disease, a metabolic storage disorder
LALLEMAND - Multiple myeloma, macroglobulinaemia
LAMELLAR - MALT lymphoma, haemangioma (also see ODLAND body)
LEISHMAN-DONOVAN - Leishmaniasis (also known as Kala Azar and Dum Dum fever)
LEVINTHAL-COLES-LILLIE - Psittacosis
LEWY - Dementia with Lewy bodies
LINDNER - Inclusion conjunctivitis of the newborn
LINDNER INITIAL - See LINDNER body
LIPSCHULTZ - Herpes simplex virus Type A
LISCH - Yellow-brown nodules of the iris in patients with type 1 neurofibromatosis and Watson syndrome
LOOSE - Fragments of bone or cartilage in the joint space and also fatty masses in the peritoneum
LUSCHKA - The coccygeal body located adjacent to the coccyx
LUSE - Rheumatoid disease, schwannoma
LUYS - The subthalamic nuclei, part of the basal ganglia system
LYMPHOCYTOID - See LYMPHOGLANDULAR body
LYMPHOGLANDULAR - Found in cells of lymphoid origin
LYSSA - Poorly defined inclusions found in nerve cells and associated with rabies (also see Negri bodies)
MACCALLUM - Warty plaques of the heart in patients with rheumatic heart disease
MALLORY - Alcohol-related liver disorders and Wilson’s disease
MALLORY-DENK - Chronic hepatitis C
MALPIGHIAN – The renal corpuscle, part of the nephron of the kidney
MAMILLARY - Pair of tissue masses in the hypothalamus
MARCHAL - Cell inclusion bodies in mousepox (infectious viral ectromelia)
MARINESCO - Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease
MASSON - Pneumonia
MEDLAR - See SCLEROTIC body
MELAMED-WOLINSKA - Non-specific cytoplasmic inclusions of urothelial cells
MELON SEED - Small, fibrous bodies often seen in tuberculous tenosynovitis
MICHAELIS-GUTMANN - Malakoplakia
MID - See FLEMMING body
MIYAGAWA - Lymphogranuloma venereum
MOLLUSCUM - See HENDERSON-PATTERSON body
MOOSER - See NEILL-MOOSER body
MOTT - Cells containing Russell bodies in myeloma, plasmacytoma and inflammation
MULBERRY - Fabry disease
MULTILAMELLAR - Tropical spastic paraparesis (human T-lymphotropic virus)
MULTIVESICULAR - Circular organelles formed by budding of the cell membrane
MUSHROOM - Structures found in the brain of insects, invertebrates and ringed worms
MYELINOID - Local myelin out-foldings (myelinosomes), often the result of early myelin damage
MYELOID - Lamellar regions of the endoplasmic reticulum associated with phospholipidosis and drug-induced renal disease
NANOBODY - Antibodies derived from immunoglobulins of Camelidae that are able to bind tumour antigens
NASAL SWELL - Part of nasal septum important in regulating air flow
NEGRI - Rabies
NEILL-MOOSER - Endemic typhus fever
NEMALINE - Nemaline or rod body myopathy
NEUROPEITHELIAL - Collection of pulmonary endocrine cells
NISSL - Cytoplasmic granules of nerve cells
NUCLEAR - Discrete substructures found in eukaryotic nuclei
NUCLEAR STRESS - See NUCLEAR body
NUCLEOLAR ACCESSORY - See CAJAL body
ODLAND - Found in keratinocytes and associated with lipid storage
OKEN - Mesonephron or a primitive kidney of the embryo
OLIVARY - Located in the medulla oblongata of the brain
ORBITAL FAT - Fat contained in the orbit that contributes to support of the eyeball
ORPHAN - See NUCLEAR body
ORYZOID - See RICE body
OVAL FAT - Found in the urine of patients with renal glomerular disease and nephrotic syndrome
OWL’S EYE - Cytomegalovirus infection, Hodgkin's lymphoma
P - See PROCESSING body
PACCHIONIAN - Arachnoid villi on the dura mater of the brain
PACINI - See VATER-PACINI body
PALE - Parkinson’s disease
PAMPINIFORM - Tissue homologous with the male epididymis in the broad ligament of the uterus
PAPILLARY MESENCHYMAL - Trichoepithelioma
PAPPENHEIMER - Anaemia
PAPP-LANTOS - Multiple system atrophy (MSA), a neurological disorder
PARA AORTIC - See ZUCKERKANDL body
PARABASAL - Cytoplasmic body found in certain protozoa
PARAMURAL - Membranous structures of plant cells found between the cell wall and plasma membrane
PARANEPHRIC - Collection of adipose tissue located superficial to the renal fascia
PARANUCLEAR BLUE - Found in small cell carcinomas
PARAPHYSIAL - A median organ that develops from the diencephalon in the brain of vertebrates
PARARENAL - See PARANEPHRIC body
PARATERMINAL - Slender, vertical whitish band near the anterior commissure of the brain
PARIETAL - Eyelike structure on the dorsal aspect of the head in lower vertebrates
PASCHEN - Vaccinia and variola (smallpox)
PcG (POLYCOMB) - See NUCLEAR body
PERINEAL - Fibromuscular mass between the urogenital and anal triangle
PERTINAX - Found in the nail plate
PHEOCHROME - See CHROMAFFIN body
PICK - Niemann-Pick disease
PINEAL - Conical structure found in the brain
PITUITARY - Another name for the pituitary gland
PLATELET DENSE - See DENSE body
PML (PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA) - See NUCLEAR body
POLAR - Found during the maturation of ova
POLYCOMB (PcG) - See NUCLEAR body
POLYGLUCOSAN - See AMYLOID body
POSTBRANCHIAL - See ULTIMOBRANCHIAL body
POULSEN-CHRISTOFFERSEN - Damaged bile ducts in viral hepatitis
PROCESSING - Cytoplasmic structures (P bodies) that have a role in the decay of mRNA
PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA (PML) - See NUCLEAR body
PROTOCORM-LIKE - Small swollen tubers that have the ability to produce shoots in vitro
PROWAZEK - Vaccinia and variola (smallpox)
PSAMMOMA - Papillary carcinomas
PSEUDOASBESTOS - Ferroprotein bodies in the lung other than asbestos (such as coal and silica)
PSEUDOPSAMMOMA - Meningiomas
PULMONARY BLUE - See BLUE body
PUSTULO-OVOID - Granular cell tumours
QUADRIGEMINAL - Reflex centre of the midbrain
RASPBERRY - Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary
REDUCING - Reducing body myopathy
REGNAUD - Residual mass found during spermiogenesis
REILLY - See ALDER-REILLY body
REINKE - Rod-like crystals found in Leydig cell tumours of the testes
RENAUT - Connective tissue structure found in nerve fibres
RESIDUAL - Lipofuchsin - undigested material of lysosomes
RESTIFORM - Part of the inferior cerebellar peduncle (also see JUXTARESTIFORM body)
RETICULATE - Intracytoplasmic form of Chlamydia (also see ELEMENTARY body)
RETZIUS - Pigmented mass in the acoustic papillae of the ear
RICE - Rheumatoid arthritis
ROD - See NEMALINE body
RODLET - Found in normal and neoplastic neuronal disease
ROKITANSKY - Teratoma
ROSS - Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
RUSHTON - Odontogenic lesions
RUSSELL - Multiple myeloma, plasmacytoma, chronic inflammation
RUSSELL-KRUKENBERG - See RUSSELL body
SAM 68 - See NUCLEAR body
SAND - See PSAMMOMA body
SANDSTORM - Alternative name for the parathyroid glands
SCHAUMANN - Granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis
SCHILLER-DUVAL - Teratoma, yolk sac tumour
SCLEROTIC - Chromoblastomycosis, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)
SELENOID - See CRESCENT body
SEMILUNAR - See CRESCENT Body
SHOCK - Found in liver and kidney as a result of shock processes such as skin burns and brain trauma
SIMCHOWICZ - Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease
SNAPPER-SCHNEID - Myeloma
SODERSTROM - See LYMPHOGLANDULAR body
SPIRONOLACTONE - Found in the adrenal after long term use of spironolactone
SPONGY - Spongy mass of tissue surrounding the male urethra within the penis
STIEDA - Ultrastructural organelle at the polar region of the sporocyst of coccidia
STRIATE - Striped mass of white and grey matter in front of the thalamus
SUPRACARDIAL - See AORTIC body
SYMINGTON - See ANOCOCCYGEAL body
TACTILE CORPUSCLE-LIKE - See TACTOID body
TACTOID - Tactile corpuscle-like bodies that stimulate mechanoreceptors of the peripheral nervous system
TARGETOID - A body or structure having the appearance of a target
TELOBRANCHIAL - See ULTIMOBRANCHIAL body
THYMUS - See HASSALL body
THYROID - The glandula thyroidea or thyroid gland
TIGROID - See NISSL body
TINGIBLE - Reactive lymphadenopathy
TINGIBLE-KORPER - See FLEMMING body
TODD - Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions in red blood cells of amphibians
TORRES - Yellow fever
TORRES-TEIXEIRA - Smallpox and measles
TOTO - Epulis fissuratum (gingival hyperplasia)
TRACHOMA - See HALBERSTAEDTER-VON PROWAZEK body
TROUSSEAU-LALLEMAND - See LALLEMAND body
TYGESON - Pneumonia
TYMPANIC - Ovoid body in the jugular vein
U - Cytoplasmic structures containing uridine-rich ribonucleoproteins
ULTIMOBRANCHIAL - Organ found in the neck of animals. Gives rise to the 'C' cells of the thyroid in humans
UNCLE - Antibodies to human antibodies
UNNA - See RUSSELL body
UTERINE - The upper, wider part of the uterus
VATER - See VATER-PACINI body
VATER-PACINI - Lamellated bodies (pacinian corpuscles) of the skin sensitive to vibration and pressure
VERMIFORM - Structures found on the Kupffer cells of the liver
VEROCAY - Schwannoma
VERTEBRAL - Main part of the vertebra to which the discs are attached
VESICLE-LIKE - Broad term describing vesicular structures such as microsomes
VILLELA - Yellow fever
VIRCHOW-HASSALL - See HASSALL body
VITELLINE - See BALBIANI body
VITREOUS - Benson’s disease (asteroid hyalitis)
WAGNER-MEISSNER - Neurofibroma, von Recklinghausen's disease
WARTHIN-FINKELDEY - Measles, AIDS
WEIBEL-PALADE - von Willebrand's disease
WINKLER - Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
WOLFFIAN - See OKEN body
WORONIN - Circular bodies found in filamentous fungi
YELLOW - Adenomas of the thyroid
YELLOW-BROWN - See HAMAZAKI-WESENBERG body
ZEBRA - Metachromatic leucodystrophy, Niemann-Pick disease
ZELLBALLEN - Ball clusters of tumour cells found in pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas
ZUCKERKANDL - Chromaffin mass of the abdominal aorta
Website last reviewed 7th November 2023